{"id":14814,"date":"2025-12-10T10:08:47","date_gmt":"2025-12-10T07:08:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/?p=14814"},"modified":"2025-12-10T10:08:47","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T07:08:47","slug":"debian-network-ayarlari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/debian-network-ayarlari\/","title":{"rendered":"Debian Network Ayarlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Debian\u2019da a\u011f yap\u0131land\u0131rmak hala bir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin kafas\u0131n\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sistemde birden fazla y\u00f6ntem bir arada ya\u015fayabiliyor. Eski usul <code>\/etc\/network\/interfaces<\/code>, NetworkManager ve art\u0131k iyice yayg\u0131nla\u015fan <code>systemd-networkd<\/code>\u2026 \u00dc\u00e7\u00fc de ayn\u0131 anda ayn\u0131 ethernet kart\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmeye kalkarsa i\u015fler kar\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. O y\u00fczden \u00f6nce \u201cben hangi y\u00f6ntemi kullanmak istiyorum?\u201d sorusunu netle\u015ftirmek laz\u0131m.<\/p>\n<h2>1. Klasik Y\u00f6ntem: \/etc\/network\/interfaces<\/h2>\n<p>Sunucu kuranlar\u0131n hala en \u00e7ok sevdi\u011fi y\u00f6ntem bu. Dosya ayn\u0131 yerde: <code>\/etc\/network\/interfaces<\/code><\/p>\n<pre># Loopback \u2013 dokunmuyoruz\r\nauto lo\r\niface lo inet loopback\r\n\r\n# Ana ethernet kart\u0131 \u2013 statik IP istiyorsak\r\nauto eth0\r\niface eth0 inet static\r\n    address 94.103.47.78\r\n    netmask 255.255.255.128     # ya da 94.103.47.78\/25 yazabilirsin\r\n    gateway 94.103.47.1\r\n    # DNS istiyorsan (resolvconf kuruluysa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r)\r\n    dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 1.1.1.1\r\n    dns-search inetmar.com\r\n\r\n# \u0130kinci kart DHCP ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fs\u0131n istiyorsan\r\nauto eth1\r\niface eth1 inet dhcp\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>De\u011fi\u015fiklik yapt\u0131ktan sonra uygulamak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre>sudo ifdown eth0 &amp;&amp; sudo ifup eth0\r\n# ya da tembel y\u00f6ntemi:\r\nsudo systemctl restart networking\r\n<\/pre>\n<h2>2. Masa\u00fcst\u00fc\/Diz\u00fcst\u00fc \u0130\u00e7in: NetworkManager<\/h2>\n<p>Debian\u2019\u0131 GNOME veya KDE ile kurduysan b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle NetworkManager zaten kurulu ve aktif.<\/p>\n<pre>sudo systemctl status NetworkManager\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>E\u011fer aktifse <code>eth0<\/code>, <code>wlan0<\/code> gibi kartlar\u0131n\u0131 <code>\/etc\/network\/interfaces<\/code> i\u00e7inde tan\u0131mlamana gerek yok, tan\u0131mlarsan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma \u00e7\u0131kar. B\u0131rak NetworkManager y\u00f6netsin.<\/p>\n<pre># Mevcut ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 listele\r\nnmcli connection show\r\n\r\n# Statik IP\u2019li yeni profil (\u00f6rnek)\r\nsudo nmcli con add type ethernet con-name \"Kablo\" ifname eth0 \\\r\n     ip4 192.168.1.100\/24 gw4 192.168.1.1\r\n\r\n# DNS ekle\r\nsudo nmcli con mod \"Kablo\" ipv4.dns \"8.8.8.8 1.1.1.1\"\r\n\r\n# Aktif et\r\nsudo nmcli con up \"Kablo\"\r\n<\/pre>\n<h2>3. Modern ve Temiz Y\u00f6ntem: systemd-networkd<\/h2>\n<p>Minimal sunucu veya container ortamlar\u0131nda art\u0131k en mant\u0131kl\u0131s\u0131 bu. Dosyalar <code>\/etc\/systemd\/network\/<\/code> klas\u00f6r\u00fcne at\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<pre># Dosya ad\u0131: \/etc\/systemd\/network\/10-eth0.network\r\n[Match]\r\nName=eth0\r\n\r\n[Network]\r\nAddress=94.103.47.78\/25\r\nGateway=94.103.47.1\r\nDNS=8.8.8.8\r\nDNS=1.1.1.1\r\n\r\n# DHCP istersen sadece \u015fu sat\u0131r\u0131 ekle:\r\n# DHCP=yes\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>Sonra:<\/p>\n<pre>sudo systemctl enable --now systemd-networkd\r\n# DNS i\u00e7in resolved da genelde laz\u0131m olur\r\nsudo systemctl enable --now systemd-resolved\r\nsudo ln -sf \/run\/systemd\/resolve\/stub-resolv.conf \/etc\/resolv.conf\r\n<\/pre>\n<h2>Hangi y\u00f6ntemi se\u00e7meli?<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/sunucu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sunucu<\/a> sistemleri \u2192 ya klasik interfaces ya da <strong>systemd-networkd<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Masa\u00fcst\u00fc, laptop, Wi-Fi \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fiyorsa \u2192 NetworkManager rahat ettirir<\/li>\n<li><strong>Asla ayn\u0131 kart\u0131 iki farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemle y\u00f6netmeye kalkma!<\/strong> Saatler harcars\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>K\u0131sacas\u0131 Debian hala bize \u201cistersen 15 y\u0131l \u00f6nceki y\u00f6ntemle, istersen en modern \u015fekilde yap\u201d \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc veriyor. Sen hangisini seviyorsan onu kullan \ud83d\ude04<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Debian\u2019da a\u011f yap\u0131land\u0131rmak hala bir\u00e7ok ki\u015finin kafas\u0131n\u0131 kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sistemde birden fazla y\u00f6ntem bir arada ya\u015fayabiliyor. Eski usul \/etc\/network\/interfaces, NetworkManager ve art\u0131k iyice yayg\u0131nla\u015fan systemd-networkd\u2026 \u00dc\u00e7\u00fc de ayn\u0131 anda ayn\u0131 ethernet kart\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmeye kalkarsa i\u015fler&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14820,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14814"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14814\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14821,"href":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14814\/revisions\/14821"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14820"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.inetmar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}